Climategate U-turn as scientist at centre of row admits: There has been no global warming since 1995
Data: Professor Phil Jones admitted his record keeping is 'not as good as it should be'
The academic at the centre of the ‘Climategate’ affair, whose raw data is crucial to the theory of climate change, has admitted that he has trouble ‘keeping track’ of the information.
Colleagues say that the reason Professor Phil Jones has refused Freedom of Information requests is that he may have actually lost the relevant papers.
Professor Jones told the BBC yesterday there was truth in the observations of colleagues that he lacked organisational skills, that his office was swamped with piles of paper and that his record keeping is ‘not as good as it should be’.
The data is crucial to the famous ‘hockey stick graph’ used by climate change advocates to support the theory.
Professor Jones also conceded the possibility that the world was warmer in medieval times than now – suggesting global warming may not be a man-made phenomenon.
And he said that for the past 15 years there has been no ‘statistically significant’ warming.
The admissions will be seized on by sceptics as fresh evidence that there are serious flaws at the heart of the science of climate change and the orthodoxy that recent rises in temperature are largely man-made.
Professor Jones has been in the spotlight since he stepped down as director of the University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit after the leaking of emails that sceptics claim show scientists were manipulating data.
The raw data, collected from hundreds of weather stations around the world and analysed by his unit, has been used for years to bolster efforts by the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to press governments to cut carbon dioxide emissions.
Following the leak of the emails, Professor Jones has been accused of ‘scientific fraud’ for allegedly deliberately suppressing information and refusing to share vital data with critics.
Discussing the interview, the BBC’s environmental analyst Roger Harrabin said he had spoken to colleagues of Professor Jones who had told him that his strengths included integrity and doggedness but not record-keeping and office tidying.
Mr Harrabin, who conducted the interview for the BBC’s website, said the professor had been collating tens of thousands of pieces of data from around the world to produce a coherent record of temperature change.
That material has been used to produce the ‘hockey stick graph’ which is relatively flat for centuries before rising steeply in recent decades.
According to Mr Harrabin, colleagues of Professor Jones said ‘his office is piled high with paper, fragments from over the years, tens of thousands of pieces of paper, and they suspect what happened was he took in the raw data to a central database and then let the pieces of paper go because he never realised that 20 years later he would be held to account over them’.
Asked by Mr Harrabin about these issues, Professor Jones admitted the lack of organisation in the system had contributed to his reluctance to share data with critics, which he regretted.
But he denied he had cheated over the data or unfairly influenced the scientific process, and said he still believed recent temperature rises were predominantly man-made.
Asked about whether he lost track of data, Professor Jones said: ‘There is some truth in that. We do have a trail of where the weather stations have come from but it’s probably not as good as it should be.
‘There’s a continual updating of the dataset. Keeping track of everything is difficult. Some countries will do lots of checking on their data then issue improved data, so it can be very difficult. We have improved but we have to improve more.’
He also agreed that there had been two periods which experienced similar warming, from 1910 to 1940 and from 1975 to 1998, but said these could be explained by natural phenomena whereas more recent warming could not.
He further admitted that in the last 15 years there had been no ‘statistically significant’ warming, although he argued this was a blip rather than the long-term trend.
And he said that the debate over whether the world could have been even warmer than now during the medieval period, when there is evidence of high temperatures in northern countries, was far from settled.
Sceptics believe there is strong evidence that the world was warmer between about 800 and 1300 AD than now because of evidence of high temperatures in northern countries.
But climate change advocates have dismissed this as false or only applying to the northern part of the world.
Professor Jones departed from this consensus when he said: ‘There is much debate over whether the Medieval Warm Period was global in extent or not. The MWP is most clearly expressed in parts of North America, the North Atlantic and Europe and parts of Asia.
‘For it to be global in extent, the MWP would need to be seen clearly in more records from the tropical regions and the Southern hemisphere. There are very few palaeoclimatic records for these latter two regions.
‘Of course, if the MWP was shown to be global in extent and as warm or warmer than today, then obviously the late 20th Century warmth would not be unprecedented. On the other hand, if the MWP was global, but was less warm than today, then the current warmth would be unprecedented.’
Sceptics said this was the first time a senior scientist working with the IPCC had admitted to the possibility that the Medieval Warming Period could have been global, and therefore the world could have been hotter then than now.
Professor Jones criticised those who complained he had not shared his data with them, saying they could always collate their own from publicly available material in the US. And he said the climate had not cooled ‘until recently – and then barely at all. The trend is a warming trend’.
Mr Harrabin told Radio 4’s Today programme that, despite the controversies, there still appeared to be no fundamental flaws in the majority scientific view that climate change was largely man-made.
But Dr Benny Pieser, director of the sceptical Global Warming Policy Foundation, said Professor Jones’s ‘excuses’ for his failure to share data were hollow as he had shared it with colleagues and ‘mates’.
He said that until all the data was released, sceptics could not test it to see if it supported the conclusions claimed by climate change advocates.
He added that the professor’s concessions over medieval warming were ‘significant’ because they were his first public admission that the science was not settled.
Categories: Science, WEATHER AND GLOBAL WARMING UPDATE, Latest News, Corruption and Lies
Tags: Climate Gate Hockey Stick Graph No Warming 1995 man-made climategate Phil Jones Global Warming Scam
PBS will just air another "melting glacier" nova tv show, and all the so-called arm chair intellectuals will talk about global warming at the water cooler the next day.
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Well, I don't know how you get them to apply it, when the discount itself says it doesn't apply. They aren't letting me get away with it.
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Aruba has asked for help in its investigation from the FBI under a law enforcement cooperation treaty between the U.S. and the island. The FBI searched Giordano's home in Maryland but has declined to discuss the case.
Lopez criticized the prosecutor's office for releasing a photo of Giordano as they seek witnesses who may have seen the couple together on the island.
This period of investigatory detention was used by Aruban authorities to detain a number of people who were later released in the 2005 disappearance of Alabama teenager Natalee Holloway, a case that was never solved.
Given the presence of the treaty, and Giordano's cooperation, his lawyer said he should be allowed to return home and could be extradited back to Aruba if he is later found to have committed any crime.
Lopez says his client did not know anything about Aruba and that Gardner suggested they visit the island in the southern Caribbean.
"To date, our client has given all possible cooperation to the investigation," he said. "Where our client has been asked the same question more than once he referred to previous statements."
A U.S. tourist detained in Aruba in the death of his travel companion has cooperated with investigators and should be immediately released because there is no evidence against him, his defense lawyer said Sunday.
Giordano, a 50-year-old business owner from Gaithersburg, Maryland, has granted four interviews to investigators and accompanied them twice on visits to the area where he said Gardner disappeared while they went snorkeling, Lopez said in a written statement.
The couple came to Aruba on July 31 and Giordano reported her missing on Aug. 2. Police detained Giordano three days later as he tried to fly back to the United States, saying they had questions about a number of his statements to investigators. A search of the area around where they went snorkeling has yielded no trace of the missing woman.
Michael Lopez, the Aruban lawyer for Gary Giordano, denied statements by prosecutors that his client is no longer answering questions about what happened to Robyn Gardner, his companion on a short trip to the Dutch Caribbean island.
"We note that doing this without any kind of proof that the client has committed a crime will damage his good name and jeopardize his company in the States," the lawyer said. "This can lead to substantial damages."
Aruban law, which is based on the Dutch legal system, allows prosecutors to request that Giordano be detained for a maximum of eight more days.
Giordano is scheduled to appear before a judge Monday for a detention hearing. Prosecutors plan to ask that he be held for at least eight more days while authorities continue to investigate what happened to Gar
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On the
[Abstract] BIS is engaged in international trade and financial work needed to master an important and practical courses. As China's market economy development and improvement of economic legislation, international settlement of the economic and legal environment has changed a lot. Therefore, the international settlement of bilingual education has important practical significance. Key words bilingual education teaching objectives of international settlement proposal a problem, institutions of higher learning of English proficiency requirements are relatively high, so the process of bilingual education by strengthening the international settlement of students' English communication skills are particularly important. International settlement program is the professional trade, one of the financial backbone of the professional class, with a strong international commonality, most trade rules, trade terms are coming directly from the English translation, bilingual education will help enhance the accuracy of the content of teaching. Various aspects of international settlement services, such as offer, counter offer and so many expressions in English; confirmations, contracts, bills of lading and other documents are mostly written in English, bilingual education will help enhance the teaching of practicality. Therefore, master professional knowledge of English for International Settlements, the students practical work smoothly after the essential knowledge and skills to prepare, which is the reform of bilingual teaching this course in mind. (B) raising the level of expertise for the The integrity of its disciplinary system, the curriculum is we have to learn the important content. Through the introduction of foreign materials can be more direct good to learn professional knowledge, and research for the track and lay a solid foundation. Therefore, the introduction of bilingual teaching will help students learn the latest knowledge on China's financial industry to train the required personnel fully open is important. Second, bilingual education for international settlement proposal (a) to strengthen the practical aspects of building a bilingual curriculum, encourage students to communicate in English practice teaching students to use language to enhance understanding of the professional knowledge to enhance students' communication skills, thereby enhancing quality of bilingual education. China's colleges and universities in general practice teaching bilingual programs lack a complete system of bilingual practice, therefore, should strengthen the practical aspects of management to effectively tap the practice of bilingual programs related to the content, hours of practice to enhance the number of bilingual curriculum and to enhance the effectiveness of Practice after-school examination. Increase students' opportunities to use En
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Did you achieve that a cloud of the concerns with the feet are the momentary result of poor circulation? A great mammoth bulk of women are on their ft all day. Even these females who training their bodies regularly bypass their ft. This can be why many of them generate edema, varicose veins and inflammation in their feet. The exact same applies to diabetic victims who generate diabetic foot problems. The very initial line of conservation opposition this type of problems is steady foot manipulation. Compression tights can help ladies take proper manipulation of their feet. As opposed to criterion socks, compression tights are specially adult to apply constant strain inside the thigh. In the same time, state with all the craft systems permit these tights to arise as lightweight and acceptable as regular tights. This makes it feasible for ladies to use compression tights on the normal foundation.
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NUKOTE polyurea development and application of heat pipes
thickness 1.0 ~ 2.5mm, to meet user-specific strength, hardness and ductility requirements. ② spray immediately after the molding attached, you can immediately handling, storage, pre-fast and convenient; ③ pipeline can choose different colors to distinguish between the different media and temperatures, beautiful appearance; ④ has good flame resistance, a flash point of 260C; ⑤ can be sprayed attached to any shape of pipe, fittings and tank surface, coating one seamless; ⑧ After the University of Michigan Ford Nuclear Reactors, has good resistance to irradiation performance; ⑦ with high tensile strength (21MPa) and elongation (360) features; ⑧ and polyurethane insulation materials are polar, bonded firmly. (2) applies to 150C the following performance characteristics of polyurethane foam insulation. ① thickness arbitrarily set according to user requirements in order to increase the thickness of 6.35mm, pipe size is not restricted; ② density of 32.04 ~ 128.16kg / m. Range of arbitrary choice, the compressive strength requirements for different projects, using the corresponding density and product mix; ③ appearance and good quality. As the layered coating, testing in the production process, void-free insulating layer, on the pre-embryo transfer in the spray and finishing, Gao Yu Xin,: NUK0TE polyurea Paul King pipeline development and application of the insulation layer thickness without bias. Insulation thickness does not exceed the required 10% control of concentricity within ± 3mm; ④ end integration. Coating protective layer, the integration can be achieved face protection, eliminating layers of polyethylene tarpaulin baking properties, corrosion resistance to ensure the end. (3) applies to 150 ~ 300C glass wool insulation between the performance characteristics. ① thickness compressive strength according to user requirements, such as the design thermal resistance coefficient and diameter glass wool shell thickness. Density of 50kg / m. Or 80kg / m. ; ② persistence is good, good shock resistance, excellent thermal insulation performance; ③ chemical stability of non-corrosive metal pipes and equipment; ④ acoustic performance, the pipeline system can effectively control noise; (4) between the rock wool insulation for 300750C layer performance characteristics. ① thickness compressive strength according to user requirements, such as thermal resistance coefficient and the diameter of the shell thickness of rock wool design. Density of 130kg / m. Or 43150kg / m. ; ② excellent high temperature performance (up to 700C), low-cost, high performance and low cost; ③ thermal insulation, sound insulation, fire protection, personal protection superior performance; moisture, corrosion and long life. 4NUKOTE polyurea pipe insulation characteristics according to user requirements for all prefabricated joints, elbows, tees and other
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Narcolepsy can be described as chronic health problems on the neurological system. Those with this particular syndrome are usually substantial afternoon sleepiness. Men and women will have complications of loss of muscles tissue tone, transformed awareness and then fail to relocate or even speak. Several equally endure disturbed night nap as well as programmed behavior. Chosen lifestyle frequently starts out inside kids involved with each of those sexes. In your primary stage, folks can definitely experience high day sleepiness which may be unknown afterward given that disorders becomes major most of the problems can even be felt.Studies explains this more or less one inch every single 2,500 People in america have got Narcolepsy and another in each 500,500 individuals when it comes to different areas within the world. United states has the virtually all amount of people who are suffering using this ill health cover anything from 125,Thousand to help 200,000 nonetheless just 50,500 are competently diagnosed. Some consumers ordinarily are not recognized within the early stages from this ailment considering that investigation and physicians merely decide on private that should be discovered whenever the essential manifestation of unnecessary daytime drowsiness happens. When the man or women for the most part experiences debilitating lower energy not to mention low energy plus problems in attentiveness a doctor's tend not to give some thought to these individuals become assessed pertaining to Narcolepsy. And also just how perform clinical professionals diagnose clients experiencing Narcolepsy? The verification will depend on the professional medical evaluation, questionnaires, deep sleep journal as well as nap logs, and even connection between sleeping you tests.All of the analysis and evaluation created in-depth track record also actual physical examination. Questionnaires quite the opposite are recommended as an analysis to the clients using indicators that without a doubt demonstrates to he has narcolepsy. Much of the professionals make Epworth Drowsiness Climb that is a quick self-administered survey that provides under garments measure of conventional sleepiness. In their normal questionnaire, the scale levels through 1 to three wherever 7 which means that "improbable for you to tumble asleep" even though 3 or more to become "huge probabilities of giving up on sleep." The full report will likely be established ranging from 6 in order to 26 the place 0-9 is certainly considered just as "regular traditional sleepiness", 10-30 for you to commonly possibly be "intense traditional sleepiness" plus 16-Twenty four hours to remain "small that will excessive the day sleepiness.Uninterrupted sleep fire wood regarded as well while deep sleep schedules generally have all of the records for 2
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Composite film of XPS and X-ray diffraction analysis
Molecular weight is 195.86, lattice parameters: a one 2.906A, c a 2.837A, the experimental data with the serial number given parameters (number and intensity) exactly. These data indicate that in addition to the diamond structure of sample A, the main is the WC structure. Actual measurements show that this structure is the use of WC cemented carbide substrate structure, Table 7 shows the WC substrate X-ray diffraction results of actual measurements. Only 1.797A intensity is high, can not determine the corresponding structure, the intensity of the other two diffraction lines is very small. This result and XPS measurements on sample A is consistent. XPS results show that sample A, the C atom out of alienation from the diamond structure, the proportion of new compounds to form less, where X-ray diffraction results with the same meaning. Decline of 6 composite film X-ray diffraction (spacing d values, unit: A) Table 7WC substrate X-ray diffraction Figure 1O-13 are samples A, B, C, D X-ray diffraction pattern, from 4 diffraction pattern can be seen, samples from A to D, a growing number of diffraction lines, indicating that the surface of the diamond layer composite film structure more complex, non-diamond phase of the diffraction lines of increasing intensity. 00. Sample A in Figure 1O X-ray diffraction: lg one. . Figure 11 B, 345 samples of 25 · X-ray diffraction and cubic boron nitride sintered body of diamond Hao Zhao printed composite film XPS and X-ray diffraction analysis of the first period 3-4 June 2005. {Mo ... has set of sample C in Figure 12 X-ray diffraction spectra of sample D 13 X-ray diffraction in the diffraction lines of sample D, 15, of which 3 are the diffraction lines of diamond, and the remaining 12 diffraction lines of other compounds . Find contrast from PCPDFWIN system can be identified in these 12 diffraction lines belonging to Co. W. C (5 条 diffraction lines), WCx (3 条 diffraction lines), the rest of the diffraction lines corresponding to the current structure has not been found. 3 Conclusions (1) measured from the XPS surface of the composite film of the inner atomic electron binding energy change of X-ray diffraction data and the composite film surface of the crystal structure of the resulting diversity of both shows to do with WC lining the end of high temperature and pressure conditions in the formation of the composite film surface structure of the original diamond powder has changed dramatically, forming a more complex structure. It can be considered: the purity of diamond powder inside (for example, almost no small diamond crystals within the metal), to a certain extent, affected the formation of new compounds, the use of highly purified diamond powder should be preferred in this experiment conclusion. 26 (2) diamond powder as the raw materials used in different size, fill type and quantity of different
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Large equipment rubber lining technology and application
Fluorosilicic acid, sodium sulfide, saturated brine, sodium hydroxide, ammonia and other corrosive media I] the introduction of Japanese machine phosphate company's D-32, D a 33 oxygen at room temperature vulcanized natural rubber lining technology Ding, lining system of the 6900m of the phosphoric acid tank, so far good; Silver Nonferrous Metals Company ~ 7580 × 3500 using sulfuric acid storage tank Beijing Design Institute of Rubber Y-Bu-100 developed pre-vulcanized rubber sheet lining .1987 was still in use, operating normally, electro-chemical plant in Qiqihar salt tank filter file 860 × 4260, the medium is saturated brine, the use of state rubber Kam 6O total Factory production of vulcanized rubber lining NSE4 pressure hot water, have been used 5 years, to good effect. abroad more expensive than hard rubber lining of the commonly used plastic lining, low cost, see Table 6 Material name Material Cost Index total thickness of material processing Ii ~ rn Glass and hard rubber 30.40.610 together heap enhance Animals in glass fiber reinforced resin 3041.51.9 feeding resin 30416 Si 0 furosemide snapped cyanide married hard plastic 30a2.52.8 poly vinyl 2.S2.230S2 trifluoroacetic PTFE hexene plastic 3364. '8 .0 seen from the above, large equipment is not only corrosion resistance anti-corrosion rubber lining reliable, long life Li and lower cost competition in the market potential, great application value. large-scale storage cans, containers are the main rock pumping equipment industry in one of the large number of Daqing oil field is only 500m above the tank more than 3,000 seats, of which more than 1000 tanks have more than 1,200 seats, while the number is still increasing , (Corrosion Engineering) 15 Volume 1999, national academic pay corrosion spot (non-metallic materials) Proceedings (Jx) in such a large number of tanks, almost rubber linings for corrosion useful to change the fact, the oil is suitable for sewage tank anti-corrosion rubber lining in recent years the rise of the tertiary oil recovery, polymer flooding, and that ASP flooding, to prevent iron ions on the polymer dye Ko, application of a large fiberglass tank I believe that the overall total cost of FRP tank is too high , a 500M fiberglass tank about 56 million, while the same volume of rubber lined steel tank cavity total cost of only 26 million, you can save every ten tanks 3O million is too large to reduce the cost of production, therefore, recommended oil production in the sewage tank, settling tank, polymer storage tank, storage tank and other equipment in the base, technology development and application of the rubber lining, which will both reduce costs and secure a reliable anti-corrosion port facilities References [1] Ministry of Construction Ministry of Chemical Industry standard rubber lining chemical equipment HGJ32-90CZ] quarter, industry upgrades, to
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Domestic long-distance gas pipeline Cathodic Protection Station area profiles
a1) the company's proposal, for the first time in the domestic long-distance pipeline Lan Zheng Long Point field of regional large-scale use of flexible anode cathodic protection. The following table is a long pipeline project in Lanzhou-Zhengzhou in Zhengzhou area distribution stations flexible anode cathodic protection of test data. Table 1 Zhengzhou distribution stations potentiostat output parameters Yellow stay groups: domestic long-distance gas pipeline station area Cathodic Protection Technology Overview 25 from the table can be seen, flexible anode region cathodic protection protection parameters is very good, there is inadequate protection and Guo protection issues. There is no cause for line pipe stray current interference. As flexible anode cathodic protection technology in the region's unique strengths, the current West second, three-Shaanxi-Beijing, Lan Zheng Long, Wu Shan single crude oil pipeline stations such as full use of cathodic protection anode flexible. Deep natural gas project after Gulang stations distributed anode with the anode and the experimental problems, the present in many natural gas companies have begun to overhaul work station used in flexible anode technology. The oil in the construction of long-distance pipeline stations are due to production needs, I face the future expansion, but also on the traditional deep anode applications and distributed anode effect, deep well anode ground bed anode and distributed by the electric field that forms With the expansion of the underground structure near the movement of change, and this change is difficult to predict or overcome. The existence of such a flexible anode is not the problem. 6 and recommendations in view of the end of the last 30 years, the pipeline cathodic protection station area few success stories, technical progress slow. Distributed in the use of deep well anode and anode shield the existence of insurmountable problems with interference on the trunk, in order to ensure success, we recommend that future domestic long-distance pipeline cathodic protection station in the project area, while continuing to sum up the traditional way at the same time, the introduction of Flexible anode technology. References [1] ] l9 then on the first page) stick inner coating of graphite and graphite does not stick at the inner coating was compared with a blade to pry peel test and found no stick coating and graphite wall at the bonding within the firm, while bonding at the graphite inner coating with a blade gently pry, anti-corrosion layer will come off. Thus confirmed the bonding of the graphite tube coating on the tube a great influence on the adhesive force, must be thoroughly cleaned before they can be within the coating. APIRP5L2-2002, fourth edition, the Other coatings will adversely affect the quality of the foreign body must be r
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Electrochemical Synthesis of alumina template morphology of conducting polypyrrole
Abstract: aluminum / alumina template under different conditions of electrochemical polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy) film, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study its surface morphology. The results show that use of the template can be obtained with a special morphology of PPy, PPy tentacles form a micro-structure, the structure from the template, the trend can continue along its original growth. Through the study found that the polymerization time is 1 600 s, polymerization potential of 1.0 V, monomer concentration of 0.2 mol / L when the PPy films prepared more than the number of micro-structure of the tentacles, with a larger surface area.
Keywords: Polypyrrole; alumina template; morphology conductive polymer chemically modified electrode electrochemical response signal due to its large, easy to observe, stable, has a certain anti-jamming capability, etc. [1], in biosensors, electrochemical catalysis [2], etc. have been widely used. As the PPy films with good physical and chemical properties, electrical conductivity, surface properties controlled, biocompatible, stable, easy preparation, good flexibility and strength, so the study of chemically modified electrode, PPy is conductive polymer the most studied and most widely used category. Neurons sensor is a biosensor that can detect the central nervous system sends electrical signals, which can be targeted to stimulate the lesion treatment [3]. At present the main problem is that it and central nervous system there is a huge difference in performance between the two (neurons sensor modulus 172 GPa, central nervous system to 100 kPa), by a single Fund: the National Natural Science a density material is difficult to achieve perfect results, we envisage the use of electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole coating performance in a gradient between the middle layer [4] cited. To set up between the two a perfect bridge, still on the PPy surface modification in order to obtain a high surface area, high mechanical modulus gradient roughness with soft loose surface. General PPy cauliflower-like structure on the surface [6], only in a special way to get the special structure different from the normal morphology. Such as alumina template method is the synthesis of PPy nanowires (tube) one of the most commonly used method [9]. Porous Alumina by the high-purity aluminum obtained by electrochemical treatment. Membrane contains a regular array of hexagonal nano-columnar pore, thickness 10b100 am, the smallest pore size of up to 5 am, the hole density of up to 10n/cm2 Do3. We use the surface is oxidized into high purity aluminum porous alumina membrane as the working electrode synthesis PPy, PPy has been a regular cauliflower-like structure is different, we call micro-tentacle structure.
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New teaching materials and English Cross
Summary This article focuses on teaching English cross composed of five factors, and discusses the teaching methods used in the nine-PEP junior high school English teaching materials teaching the new scientific and practical . Keywords: affective function a scene structure rules, of the problem present, nine-year compulsory education new junior high school English textbooks (PEP) has been widely used throughout the country. The new material is based on the nine-year compulsory curriculum in English, according to the structure - function system prepared. New materials in teaching other aspects of the content and layout structure to absorb both domestic and foreign language teaching theories of contemporary new achievements, but also inherited the tradition of our proven teaching experience, so that more of our high school English teaching materials teaching practice and student knowledge law, and therefore subject teachers alike. Teachers generally agreed that: new materials highlights the use of language, teaching materials in close connection with students living and learning, has greatly inspired the students to learn English. But we also found that the new materials compared with the original teaching materials, due to the teaching objectives, teaching content, especially for teachers, teaching methods and teacher quality and other aspects of language or a new higher requirements, many schools teachers felt unable to master new teaching materials. Meanwhile, the current variety of exam (the exam, examinations, etc.) have not really put the focus shifted to testing new teaching materials for students to use up, so high school English teaching a strange phenomenon. In my opinion, to completely reverse the situation of secondary school English teaching, in addition to test content and methods of reform, but also the need for teaching methods in depth and reform. New materials, teaching objectives and teaching content has changed a lot, and teachers teaching methods, but no major improvements, this is bound to a direct impact on school effectiveness and quality of English teaching. How to reform teaching methods? What kind of teaching method is more suitable for new teaching materials? Rehabilitation of these materials from the date of trial, our high school foreign language circles began a heated discussion, many of them scientific, practical specific teaching methods. Here I recommend a middle school English teachers to the nine-year compulsory PEP new materials with more appropriate teaching methodology, which is the English affection, scene, structure, rules, cross-functional teaching. Second, the introduction of English teaching Cross Cross teaching English by the affection, scene, structure, rules, functions composed of five factors. Affection that emotion, will, motivation, interests, personality and go
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Improve students' English reading and oral communication skills, I see
Abstract: According to the teaching experience for students in reading and oral communication the current weak capacity and proposes specific solutions to problems, that is to change the past, the teaching mode, round to improve students' language proficiency. Keywords: reading; oral communication skills; reading; silent reading in English teaching, cultivate and improve students' reading and oral communication skills, both get rid of key to the quality of teaching. We often in teaching such a problem for the problems: After many students beginning high school English education, although a certain amount of vocabulary and to master the basics of the language, but can not be a simple conversation. The reason, mainly reading and oral communication skills of students due to poor. To change this situation, I tried to practice in the teaching practices in the following categories, and received good results, are proposed to learn with their peers. Mobilize the enthusiasm of students to learn English student motivation to learn English from all sides of the factors, interests and hobbies is to stimulate enthusiasm for learning an important factor. Therefore, to improve their reading and oral communication skills, first of all to stimulate enthusiasm for learning, develop their interest in learning, and change In the past, teachers in the teaching process is often a Over time, lost interest in learning. In teaching practice, I realized that to improve student interest in learning the best way to fun, lively classroom atmosphere in every possible way, in order to enhance the attractiveness of teaching and cohesion. I have been using this several ways: First, the story of deduction. Such as the phrase to explain, to a unit of the phrase compiled interesting stories to tell students to repeat after them. In this way, students learned the content on the memories, resulting in interest. Second, the game method. That is, games in the classroom so that students are involved. Analysis of as doing the voice, the teacher read the word green, the students are required to produce a finger, and when the students in reading grey to show two fingers, so that the students will be able to vowel elements [i:] and [ei] points clear. Such teaching, so students willing to participate, they can voice lies at the heart of knowledge. Third, the financial music in the classroom. Such as to explain the the story context and deepen the knowledge of the memory. Music into the classroom but also to train students in hearing, such as the familiar American film music, the sound of the music students fill in the blank, so that students trained to listen to the song while listening. Increase student interest in learning English, and the enthusiasm increased, to improve students' reading and oral communication skills to lay t
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The technological transformation of an ordinary die-casting machine
Type applications, products and more, you can be one of one or several devices to cancel Changes after the procedure shown in Figure 4b. For the model while retaining the two actions, the need for die-casting machine electronic control box were also some changes, mainly the model to distinguish. After the machine changes need to increase the Pc 1-2 control signal input if the input Pc machine interface is not enough, you can also use a simple way to transform the device, after the program changes Figure 5: The use of the original control switch To do the following: ① Select the operating according to normal operating procedures; ⑤ To use the normal static core mode, as long as the step ③ Still very quiet core mortise Pulling plug starts the master Zhu simplified procedures for automatic Figure 5 needs to be stressed here is: As the rewrite process in this method to delete the die-casting machine interlock between protection when in the , leading to accidents. 723 Note (1) in the application of . Pressure punch-up time test to determine need. If you use to change the way the transformation device control program for a single product company, pressurized punch-up time can be determined directly in the die casting machine Pc set the timer on the machine. In the die casting machine cabinet to install an adjustable time relay, used as a time signal input, you can easily set the time (2) the use of Pc of other die-casting machine can be controlled by the control program similar changes, so have the Should be particularly careful not to tamper with the interlock device program, once the changes to the interlock device program, it must take effective measures to prevent accidents. In addition, rewriting the program to the attention of Pc machine's memory capacity and input and output interface is able to meet the requirements, if it can not meet the requirements, you can use the expansion port on the machine Pc Pc machine expansion. (3) Application head not to interfere with other parts occurs, and its structure must be closed chamber, in order to avoid injection of an accident. (Editor: Yuan Zhenguo) - About - Zhengding County building insulation materials Factory Our factory is the former Ministry of Chemical Industry, Ministry of Electric Power insulation materials production plant in North China's largest manufacturer of microporous calcium silicate. Our development and production of national patent product - cast aluminum pistons with heat riser set for 1998 state-level key new products. Used in continuous casting of aluminum Tim plug automation machines, hand-casting mold and pouring temperature at 1000 ℃ under the non-ferrous metal casting industry. This product has excellent insulation properties and thermal shock resistance, can increase the riser feeding ability. Improve the intrinsic quality of the casting; product
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I can first Girona city, but the information desk of the young man said the city does not directly Dabei beziers train, and because fewer trips, at night most of the trips may not go to France, it is better to visit Perpignan in southern France, Lyon a The beautiful town.
I came to the parking lot of the bus ticket, two days ago in Majorca Ryanair's network search information, obviously the ticket from Girona to Perpignan is 15 euros, can now buy a ticket is 20 euros, to sit in on the rise 5 euros.
car started on the Mediterranean coast green ride on the Great Plains, but I now have time to enjoy the scenery, his mind all that happens is just painful traumatic experience. The most unfortunate thing is that I worked so hard this ten-day photographs.
Port in the island of Mallorca, I have climbed gaoya beach to shoot the Mediterranean Sea. Florence, Siena in Lucca, I have weighed eight kilograms of carrying a backpack, climb down the narrow stairs to those three, four hundred steps, up to 20 multi-story tower to shoot the medieval city Even after N years old haunt I also had the privilege to return, I do not know whether there are physical and then climb up the tower.
The currently facing the most serious economic crisis, I will pocket all the money carefully counted again, in addition to tickets bought finished, only 99.25 euros and 19 crowns, but with the money to solve this two days before returning to food, housing , the line is very difficult. Early June to Europe, Sweden has been picking up the high prices. Guidance from a few years ago to see the procession from Stockholm Arlanda airport to the city's most expensive transportation costs 80 kroner is the bus ride, and this year when I buy a ticket at the airport has risen to 119 kroner, the return to Ryanair docked Skavasta from the airport to Stockholm city center do first bus (100 kilometers need to spend 119 kroner), and then to the airport from the city center, but also 119 crowns; According to the current exchange rate, I set aside at least 30 euros for repatriation transportation costs in Sweden before, which means I have to use less than 70 euros in France to complete two days of eating in France, accommodation and transportation.
9:30 minutes, the bus to the train station in Lyon, Pepi. Evening in the town-level winds blowing 4-5, I feel like the same temperature, 24-25 degrees from the island of Mallorca into a 14-15 degrees Celsius. From noon to eat hamburgers, and now has been a drop of rice is not sticky teeth, but now is not the time to find food, getting dark, I must hurry to find shelter.
Pepi Lyon railway station in the city's edge, there is no tourist information desk, parked outside the station just a used car sat two young thin Asian faces, I immediately asked whether it is Chinese, has been identified in The answer, I inquire about them cheaper accommodation in the city where they open a restaurant in this home that is, not very clear case o
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Barcelona gives a warm feeling of reason, and its full of enthusiasm and a sense of urban design elements Not unrelated, intense color, variety and even some extra decorative element is to bring the city First of all visual experience. It all stems from the Art Nouveau rendering, and Catalan nationalism Prominent features of nationalism. The impact of this and eventually established the Barcelona modernist style of the many Artists, Art and the city of a nation can produce the maximum impact, and the exclusive honor of the world cultural heritage.
Gaudi lived in the intersection during the 19th and 20th centuries, it was a burgeoning era of postmodernism, Spain Child. His greatest work is undoubtedly immortal started in 1882, until today have not completed the SAGRADA FAMILIA), also is the
When you have passed the crowded noisy streets of Barcelona, on both sides of the church through the front garden to the church when I dare say that anyone would have a strange feeling. If you have not seen the Sagrada Familia, you will not be finished Full understanding And different from any existing architectural style of the famous church. ↓
Unlike Notre Dame Cathedral or Milanduomu as only one of the main facade, there are three different Holy Family Church Facade, are the The process. Holy Family Church is not only done in the facade frenzied innovation in the design of the tower is also reflected at the high Di's own perfectionism plot. The church has 18 towers, three vertical surface, respectively, to 4 clock tower On behalf of the 12 apostles, and up to 170 meters in the central tower is a symbol of Jesus himself, the other 5 Towers are a symbol of the Virgin Mary and the four Gospel writers, this comprehensive symbol of the Holy Family Church is designed to look Completely regardless of the cost (other than the tower of the church are unlikely to so many symbolic elements of design to 100 Meters high towering form). ↓
We strongly feel that the expansion of Gaudi in the design elements of the canvas carrying as much as possible facade, do May be more towers, walls as much as possible, so that you can have more space and location can be installed floating Carving, and even the In fact this is the high Di's intentions, he is hoped that through this exhaustive display, making the Holy Family Church itself has become a Three-dimensional three-dimensional book of the Bible. ↓
Holy Family Church of the three is not the same style facade, the most people condensate rate is also Than Hard facade of However, extensive use of natural elements, such as pigeons, all kinds of plants and depicting realistic characters, people feel better To the church's heavy sense of history. But the difference is composed of these elements, but the overall effect is to Were memorable, the whole facade gives people a sense of instability, or a feeling of flow and melt. ↓
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(Reporter reporter Liu Yuqi Deng Jiao ) to the achieve of chemical fertilizers will be fraught the driver deliberately fell on the highway , attracted the villagers on the road berserk . At midday yesterday, Highway law enforcement six short-lived control unit , adjoin the village cadres evicted people , the recovery of stolen fertilizer .
nigh 13:40 yesterday , six civic highway law enforcement element received a report in the Chongqing -Guizhou Expressway out of town way Dongxi segment , there are many villagers took to the highway, steer up the things on the road to way some impact . Six brigade rushed to the scene discovered the bags of fertilizer scattered above the highway , preoccupied law on the road near the village have to loot, because few things many folk , scrambling amid the villagers , without humility , originally separated along a walls the neighborhood is likewise half a sack of fertilizer for of the ownership of the curse .
then , statute enforcement personnel and regional village officials apt argue the villagers to take the initiative to the fertilizer placed in the highway side of the road , and notify the driver out of his path to return the retrieved manure . Chen hear , really conceal their faces weeping , thank 6 brigade kept out of the police and the lusty revitalization in period , hoping to transport manure to disburse a countryside avenue willing to adopt the decree enforcement process .
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Winners
(Reporter reporter Huang Chen Yindi photo coverage) who harvested 42.25 million yuan prize winners? The respond finally revealed the terminal daytime of final year. On the morn of December 31, winner Liu (a pseudonym) with a smile, walked into the amusements heart in Dongguan, took the grand prize which 42.25 million yuan.
New Year, took the grand prize
Note 42.25 million yuan since the grand prize which is resolved In order to do arrangement before Duijiang, sports center, Dongguan has built a special working team Duijiang.
period day by day in the quondam, the Lottery staff of the Centre in the center drums, to the puzzle of the Lottery will medal it? On December 31 last year, a nearly 40-year-old, dark complexion middle-aged male with a smile into a sports center in Dongguan. He is the winner of which 42.25 million yuan prize Liu. After validating the hands of Mr. Liu and the provincial center lottery face message catered is correct, Mr. Liu got this award. In wearing the disguise, baseball hat and mask, Mr. Liu and a group photo prize check.
repent not win 15 times prize
Lau calm down, told correspondents approximately winning via. Mr. Liu reminisced the nightfall of December 24 last year, he came unattended with the sand, Dongcheng Industrial Zone, a sports lottery betting lottery to buy the next day's The lottery re intend to melodrama on a stage, he left a lot in the learn after a single injection buy increased lottery wager 5 times.
December 25 last year, Mr. Liu on the website outlook from the lottery results, betting namely he's content with the present lottery mathematics fit together, in adding to the 5 note was the 1st prize, a absolute of 26,410,575 yuan, but too an additional 15,846,345 yuan of additional bonuses, a absolute of 42,256,920 yuan in prize money Lande.
themselves and 1 hundred million yuan prize pass.
the incipient out of betting in the moment, Mr. Liu was a sudden injection of . said with a smile, As because this grand prize, Mr. Liu emerged apt be very detailed, I will temporarily seal up the money, no cost.
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like the last cup of coffee, the people more appreciative of its taste. . .
Last night in Taipei, we walk in the West Gate, and walk in the Chung Hsiao East Road. . .
in that we have photographed the moment suddenly rushed out and than a V. The ..
Of Hsimenting the Starbucks ~
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------
each went to a dessert shop, like to see those little snack 'world, reveals a glass window, seems to feel that they also have an amazing vitality, very happy and very warm smile.
Chapter 1: Longitudinal Taiwan: the most comprehensive free exercise Raiders prepare articles
The finished Dorayaki only think, maybe this is Doraemon favorite ~
row of long ranks of 4D theater ~
Ge uncle said, the choice of restaurant, which many people where to go, so we also appeared on the front row starting team. . .
I
lively holiday flower market is a gap in the bottom of the viaduct ~
pop songs on these two places are indeed many, such as:
leave color XiMenDing, we take the MRT came to Chung Hsiao East Road. . .
Street West Gate film heritage for more than half a century, there are still more than 20 movie theaters, to look at the premiere in Taipei, the Hsimenting almost all the gain.
TAPEI Memorial cup ~
Bright and open Bannan Line ~
Chapter 10: Taipei Raiders: fun in the Shihlin night market cuisine
assembled in a commercial district, the dozens of hair and beauty shop, is rare, can be said that a major feature of West Gate.
Chapter 2: Kaohsiung impression: the most popular Lio Ho Night Market
while the viaduct, are generally doing parking or abandoned
Taipei MRT is a total red line, blue line, brown line, and the Beitou branch line, Xiaobitan Extension the Xiaonanmen Extension operations, operational length of 75.8 km, 78.1 km of route length, operating the station a total of 68 stations, the daily average passenger about 1.2 million people on Friday up to 1.3 million people.
Chapter 6: Nantou: Lushan distinctive spa cuisine District
There are a variety of size of the store about 6000 or so, a sign is a color, a cuisine that is a kind of culture.
Pull yourself one!
Delicious donuts ~
Shopping in Taipei, my first thought is the West Gate and Chung Hsiao East Road, perhaps the reasons for the high exposure of Taiwan variety show for these two names, one comes to the bu
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ABC News Blogs > Politics > Polls
Headlines Politics Entertainment Health Lifestyle Business Technology Previous
Iowa Mash-up Settles NothingNext
Unemployment Rate Key for more information regarding 2012 Election
By Ben Forer
Stephen Ferry/Getty Images
Mitt Romney eked around town a multi function win with your Iowa Caucuses beating Rick Santorum judging by an all in one mere eight votes throughout the Tuesday. It was a razor-thin margin,distinct but take heart practically never unheard relating to all over the U.S. politics. Here has to be that an all in one list of a multi functional a little about the best and people dramatic referenda everywhere over the US history.
2008 Minnesota Senate Race: Franken in comparison with Coleman
Al Franken defeated incumbent Republican Norm Coleman judging by 312 ballots as part of your race for an having to do with Minnesota’s Senate seats. More than 2.four million votes were cast as part of your election and Franken come to light victorious significant after Coleman challenged going to be the risks and side effects throughout the court and going to be the Minnesota Supreme Court influenced throughout the favor about Franken.
2004 Gubernatorial Race: Gregoire when compared to Rossi
Democrat Christine Gregoire defeated Republican Dino Rossi by 133 referenda around town regarding two.eight million cast. The result was finalized after more than one recounts and lawsuits. Rossi challenged Gregoire again everywhere in the 2008 and was defeated a good deal more handily.
2000 Presidential Race: Gore than in Bush
It came to the ground for more information about Florida, and George W. Bush defeated Al Gore on the basis of 537 ballots about concerning going to be the much more than 5.9 million cast as part of your state for more information about win going to be the presidency In a multi function controversial decision,going to be the U.S. Supreme Court stopped the recite effort before aspect was more conveniently.
1998 Nevada Senate Race: Reid versus Ensign
Democratic incumbent Harry Reid defeated Republican John Ensign on such basis as one of the more 428 ballots Ensign won Nevada’s various Senate seat a set of a very long time later,but take heart reconciled last May after an affair allowing you to have a multi function staffer.
1974 New Hampshire Senate Race: Wyman than in Durkin
It could be the local election as part of your history having to do with going to be the Senate and an that never had a multi function winner. Republican Louis Wyman and Democrat John Durkin’s election came to the ground to educate yourself regarding a margin having to do with a couple referenda on the town having to do with going to be the 223,363 that have already been cast. Wyman would likely have won by set of if the not get along had stopped allowing an individual the last narrate,but take heart a resource box didn’t. In the stop after
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Can also reflect a person's identity, status, economic status and even personality, and so on. A careful selection of handbags, the finishing point, which you decorate it into a real white-collar women. To save time, some women, to use the same packages on different occasions, and sometimes does not match with the dress, it seems incongruous. It is best to prepare several packages, one for work, leisure and dinner on different occasions. The package should be used in the work so you can store more essential supplies, but the style must be generous, consistent with the work image, such as a briefcase-style package is the most suitable. If you think the briefcase is too tough, try to carry briefcases and reflects the female style bag. The advantage is that the more reasonable to place as many objects, carrying a plastic bag or paper bag than you should be professional much. Back purse, women should be back in the right shoulder, ladies and men counterparts habit of walking on the right. Briefcase or handbag, change hands and caught unprepared. Female candidates to work or face depending on bag must not be placed on the examiner's table or hold in his breast, the most appropriate approach is to be placed next to his right foot. For the average worker, it is best not to use more expensive than the boss bags, just young people into the community with particular attention to this point. Dressed in civilian clothes, leisure and shopping bag, the choice of lively shapes, bright colors of the bag or backpack, with a light heart and dress to match. Participate in the dinner and other formal occasions, should use the more elegant bag, then it will match with the dress, but also master polite. Attended the banquet is best to use a hand pull or back bag, do not hand the bag in order to avoid the exchange of business cards or take dining points, resulting in trouble. The bag of gold and silver for use at the dinner, because the light will show its noble. The men of wearing suits and ties should not be scrambling for her to take the bag in order to obtain the goodwill of his girlfriend or wife, this is an act of indecency. Because the bag is women's accessories, and how well the back in the male body? To demonstrate the thoughtfulness and grace of the men can help women be raised heavy items or shopping bags. Development from classic to modern, and both become the heart of the ladies love. Interestingly, the rise of package decoration and the evolution of clothing closely linked. Since the end of the eighteenth century, with pine wavy skirt Slim clothes replaced, the ladies will have to find a bag of personal items can be loaded. A fish net pouch momentum into the sky, the pouch of this beam on a long cord, easy to hold in the hand, become a veritable For centuries, the trend of fashion accessories like fashion, with each passing day, keeps changing. Its status gradually increased, becoming an indispensable part of ladies dress, such as package decoration. Base
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the interface between primary and secondary school English teaching and Countermeasures
Abstract: Over the years, primary and secondary education and teaching English there are serious for their own array, disjointed phenomenon that seriously hampered the development of education and teaching English. How to solve the interface between primary and secondary school foreign language teaching is worthy of our serious thinking about the problem. This interface between primary and secondary schools in the induction and analysis of its causes, based on proposed some measures to solve the problem of convergence and methods. Keywords: convergence; reasons; strategies and methods I. Introduction before first grade primary school students entered junior middle schools, has been learning English for several years, and the basic communicative English language, simple sentences and basic knowledge of a certain voice-based. When they enter middle school, English learning is the end of primary school English, middle English is the starting point. If the high school English teacher or by the traditional methods of English teaching and learning activities in English, is bound to greatly undermine the enthusiasm of students to learn English. This inevitably high school English teachers English teachers do not blame the school for students to lay a good foundation to learn English, and elementary school English teachers would not blame the high school English teachers take into account the characteristics of the student's age, only emphasizes that knowledge of English to teach the students lose the learning leaving interest. For a long time primary and secondary education and teaching English there are serious for their own array, disjointed phenomenon that seriously hampered the development of education and teaching English. How to solve the interface between primary and secondary school English teaching is worthy of our serious thought, the paper on this issue to talk about the following points. Second, the convergence of an entry point 1. The task of teaching, teaching content convergence Teaching English in primary schools the main task is to develop students listening and speaking ability. Teachers generally accumulated by listening and visual experience for students to learn some common words, simple sentences and a small amount of grammar. To junior high school students from the language into the language of the accumulation phase of the expansion and use of stage, the content became more complex, the difficulty increases, heard mainly from the teaching requirements, leading gradually to hear, read and write to keep up with the phase transition and transfer. Students to adapt to new environments, new teaching requirements, we are required in the teaching task and teaching content to solve the interface between primary and s
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A banal airings accomplished the archdivision of China's axial coffer in Beijing. [CFP]
China will advance a prucavity budgetary policy this year with "appropriate and adapted acclimation", the People's Bank of China (PBOC), or the central bank, said Sunday on the caccident of a plan appointment of the central bank.
The PBOC will acclimatize acclaim accumulation and accumulate amusing costs at a acumenable advance beneath a macro-advisableial action anatomy with a set of policy accoutrement, such as absorption daugment96ddc90beed988f8a9bbed8f75d, barter amounts, accessible bazaar opearmament and banks' assets claim arrangement, said the central bank in a account on its webwebsite.
The PBOC said that it will stcarve to optimize cradapt anatomy and bigger serve the advancement of absolute abridgement, with added accent on the agronomical area, the allowable apartment activitys and the baby and micro-actions.
China's central bank on Sunday said in a abstracted accompanimentment that the calculationry's new yuan-admitd lcatastrophe in 2011 accomplished 7.47 carolion yuan (1.18 trilbobcat U.S. 39264b2281f79c74e3c378f586293c7aerial), down from 7.95 abundance yuan in 2010.
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Welcome to , another low-pressure writing community in the vein of and similar communities.
The goal of 30 Fantasies is to offer a fun way to improve Final Fantasy fanfiction writers and artists with the added benefit of community spirit. All you have to do is claim a subject and write or draw for the thirty themes listed below. ; stands for "or," so if you are writing theme 3, you can write about either "Dragoon" or "Jump."
1)Prophecy.
2)Fighter; Sword.
3)Dragoon; Jump.
4)Monk; Fists.
5)Thief; Stolen.
6)White Magic; Healing.
7)Black Magic; Power.
8)Ultima; Meteor; Holy; Flare.
9)Fire; Blaze.
10)Ice; Blizzard; Water.
11)Bolt; Lightning; Thunder.
12)Quake; Earth.
13)Sleep; Poison; Muddle.
14)Cure; Regen; Life.
15)Doom; Curse; Death.
16)Crystals; Elements.
17)Cid; Airship.
18)Chocobo; Feathers.
19)Moogle, Tonberry, Other animal-like races.
20)Monsters; Random.
21)Summon; Guardian.
22)Gil; Wealth.
23)Experience.
24)Weapon.
25)Armor.
26)Item; Relic.
27)Town; Cave; Tower.
28)Boss Battle; Villain.
29)Good vs. Evil; Nature vs. Technology.
30)Final Fantasy. - All claims must be in the Final Fantasy fandom. Any fandom with Final Fantasy in the name is acceptable.
- You may claim a game/movie/book/etc, a specific character, or a specific couple. For example, you could claim Final Fantasy VI, or Locke Cole, or Locke Cole/Celes Chere. You may not claim a threesome or group, but you may write about them if it's in the scope of your claim. You may claim any kind of pairing you like, heterosexual, homosexual, incestuous, large age differences... The only line drawn is that all characters portrayed in sexual acts must be over 15 years of age. Pairings do not have to be romantic in every or any story. Crossovers are not currently allowed.
- Final Fantasy games with offshoots are not considered different entities. For example, if Final Fantasy VII: General is taken, you may not claim Advent Children: General.
- You may claim up to three subjects at one time. All thirty themes must be written for all claims you make. Only three people can claim a specific subject a
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